The limit of Ptolemy's knowledge in the west is رأس سبارطيل (35° 48′ N); while he does assume that the coast eventually retreats in a "Great Gulf of the Western Ocean", this is not likely based on any knowledge of the Gulf of Guinea. Eric Anderson Walker, The Cambridge history of the British Empire, Volume 7, Part 1, 1963, p. 66.In the east, Ptolemy is aware of the البحر ...